George Wilhelm Friedrich and the French Revolution Essay

George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German Philosopher who was born in Stuttgart in 1770. As a young man, he studied theology, but was also impelled to explore philosophy due to the upheaval of this treacherous time in history. The Reign of Terror and French Revolution had a huge impact on Germany and Europe, and Hegel became caught up in the fervor and outrage of the period and wanted to take a deeper look at the events that were occurring. His look and analysis of the French Revolution is what began his reflection of history. After graduation from the seminary, Hegel joined the faculty of the University of Jena, the philosophic center of Germany. While there, he wrote Phenomenology of Spirit, his first major book. Hegel left the†¦show more content†¦Original historians relied heavily upon the writings of other contemporaries, because it would be impossible for them to have seen everything that occurred at once. Original history is where we get direct accounts of legend, folklore, and traditions because a person would have to have been there to truly know about these. The great advantage that original historians have over the others is that they lived through and were shaped by the events as they unfolded. They can descriptively write about them from their experience, as opposed to a historian writing accounts based on the writings of others hundreds of years later. Hegel said of these historians, â€Å"The influences that have formed the writer are identical with those which have moulded the eve nts that constitute the matter of his story. The author’s spirit, and that of the actions he narrates, is one and the same† (www.marxists.org). The second kind of history described in Hegels Philosophy of History, Reflective history, is written after the time period being described has passed. These historians endeavor to show connections between and reasons for historical events. Hegel distinguishes four types of Reflective History: Universal, Pragmatic, Critical, and Specialized. â€Å"Universal† history attempts to cover and describe a long period of time and gives an overview of, for example, an entire people or entire nations. This type of history is broad and represents general facts andShow MoreRelatedRomanticism Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism Romanticism is a movement in the arts that flourished in Europe and America throughout much of the 19th century from the period of the French revolution in 1789. Romantic artists’ glorified nature, idealized the past, and celebrated the divinity of creation. There is a fundamental emphasis on freedom of self expression, sincerity, spontaneity and originality. 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Louis Vuitton Introduction Free Essays

LVMH Company Overview Louis Vuitton, a French fashion house, is now a brand of the LVMH group. It was first set up in 1854 by a young trunk-maker named Louis Vuitton. He started out by designing and manufacturing innovative stackable trunks. We will write a custom essay sample on Louis Vuitton Introduction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Products were sold through a company-owned sales outlet located in Paris. Then, in 1876, the company introduced luxury trunks with detachable frames. This is the first and initial success of Louis Vuitton, which enabled the firm to set up a new store in London in 1885. Sales kept increasing and the company was gaining more and more in popularity and reputation of a luxury brand. In 1987, Louis Vuitton – Moet Hennessy, better known as LMVH was formed, as a French multinational luxury goods  conglomerate, headquartered in  Paris. LVMH rapidly expanded to become the world leader in luxury goods. Bernard Arnault, the CEO of the company, took less than 12 years to build up LVMH through the acquisition of numerous luxury brands, expansion into retailing and an aggressive globalization strategy. LVMH was named after the first two companies that were merged in 1987 to create the company: the luggage and leather-goods maker Louis Vuitton and the Champagne and Cognac producer Moet-Hennessy. In subsequent years, many more famous luxury goods producers were taken over and added to the conglomerate’s brand portfolio. In 2005, LVMH owned over 50 well-known brands operating in five main sectors: Wines Spirits (which accounted for 19% of sales), Fashion Leather goods (35% of sales), Perfumes Cosmetics (16% of sales), Watches Jewellery (4% of sales) and Selective Retailing (26% of sales). The mission of the LVMH group is to represent the most refined qualities of Western â€Å"Art de Vivre† around the world. LVMH must continue to be synonymous with both elegance and creativity. The products, and the cultural values they embody, blend tradition and innovation, and kindle dream and fantasy. In view of this mission, five priorities reflect the fundamental values shared by all Group stakeholders: * Be creative and innovate * Aim for product excellence * Bolster the image of our brands with passionate determination * Act as entrepreneurs Strive to be the best in all we do However, Louis Vuitton brand has been facing many issues, especially in their logistic and supply chain management. In spite of the rapid increase of demand, Louis Vuitton doesn’t manage to respond appropriately to the growing demand. The question is the probability of default in the products. Thus, products must be resent to the warehouse and so on. It leads to a waste of time and money and an appropriate management of the logistics and supply chain. Louis Vuitton also faces different and many issues such as the lack of numbers of warehouse, the distance which separate it from the stores, the problem of inventory and so on†¦ What we are going to discuss in this report is to find out from where are these issues coming from? Does Louis Vuitton have enough flexibility and responsiveness from the supply chain management of the firm? Is the firm developing too many new products while no customers are ready to buy them? How to cite Louis Vuitton Introduction, Papers

Swot Analysis for Sony Ericsson free essay sample

SWOT Analysis for Sony Ericsson Strengths: Increased market shares Reduced losses: Sony Ericsson has been successful in reducing its company losses in the past year. The company cut its total losses by more than half in the second half of 2002. Sony Ericsson should look to continue to cut costs in order to narrow company losses even further. The success of the joint venture will be viewed by its ability to break even and generate profits. Brand name: Having a strong brand name means that it will be more likely that Sony Ericsson will sell more handsets, as consumers normally choose to buy branded products with which they are familiar rather than those that are unfamiliar. Sony Ericsson should look to leverage both the Sony and Ericsson brand names, as they are both respected brand names in the fields of electronics and telecommunications. The joining of these two brand names will again help the company to increase awareness of its products resulting in increased sales of handsets. We will write a custom essay sample on Swot Analysis for Sony Ericsson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page New products: Sony Ericsson has released a line of new products that it is forecasted will help the company to increase its share of the market, as well as generate extra sales and profits. Weaknesses: Loss making: The Sony Ericsson joint venture is currently loss making. Sony Ericsson must try to generate profits as soon as possible or the venture may be deemed unsuccessful. Company losses may still be tolerated over the next couple of years, as the Sony Ericsson venture has only been trading for a relatively short period of time. However, sustained losses over a period of time may lead to either Sony or Ericsson deciding to cease their funding of the joint venture. Marketing Costs: The launch of the company’s line of new cellular handsets will mean that marketing costs will increase for the months when the products are launched and for the initial period of the products’ life cycle. High marketing costs are a necessity in this situation in order to create awareness and stimulate demand for Sony Ericsson’s handsets in a marketplace that is saturated with competitive offerings. High marketing costs will make it more difficult for Sony Ericsson to narrow losses, breakeven and generate profits. Opportunities: Social Media: Sony Ericsson is boosting its social media activity in a bid to increase its share of the smart phone market, which is under pressure from brands like Apple and Google. Upgrade Segment Expanding Market G: The predicted transition to 3G wireless communication services provides Sony Ericsson with an opportunity to capture market share and generate revenues and profits. Sony Ericsson must cater for the increase in demand in this area by producing a number of handsets that will utilize this 3G technology. The company is making an effort to penetrate this sector of the market and has had some success in doing so. However, Sony Ericsson still tra ils industry rivals such as Motorola, NEC and Panasonic within the 3G sector of the market. Phone Design and Accessories: Sony Ericsson must monitor the latest trends in customer preferences for the design of handsets and the accessories provided for use in conjunction with handsets. For example, camera phones are expected to increase in popularity over the coming years. The increase in popularity of camera phones presents Sony Ericsson with an opportunity to increase its revenues and generate profits, as camera phones have a much higher average selling price than normal voice phones. Popular Handset Technology Threats: Strong Competition: Sony Ericsson faces strong competition in the marketplace from a number of industry rivals. The company’s competitors include Nokia, Samsung, Panasonic, LG Electronics, Motorola, Siemens and NEC. Sony Ericsson will also encounter increasing competition from up and coming Chinese cellular handset manufacturers such as TCL, Bird, Eastcomm and Legend. All of these companies will combine to take away sales and market share from Sony Ericsson. Pricing Pressure: The increasing competition in the cellular handset market will inevitably lead to pricing pressure. Pricing pressure will lead to a squeezing of Sony Ericsson’s margins. This will mean that the company will have to seek to cut its costs if it is forced to reduce the price of its products. Failure to do so could mean that the company will continue to make losses or only generate modest profits, when the potential is there for the company to achieve much more.

Is Traditional Publishing Still Worth It

IS TRADITIONAL PUBLISHING STILL WORTH IT? â€Å"Writing a novel is like driving at night in the fog,† E.L. Doctorow once said. â€Å"You can only see as far as your headlights, but you can make the whole trip that way.† But when you finish a book, those headlights may fade out. You face a question the muse can’t answer: Should I seek a traditional publisher or independently publish this myself? It’s a complex issue, full of facets and trade-offs. The choice depends on who you are, what you’ve written, and what you want your book to achieve. No answer is right for every author or even for every book from the same author. So which way do you go? This blog examines some of the factors you might want to consider. The Basic Question First ask yourself: Is there an issue at all? Do your readership and goals make the choice clear? You likely want to self-publish if: You expect a narrow audience. If you are writing for your family or a niche readership, you may have no choice. Traditional publishers won’t risk funding for tiny audiences. One exception: books for academics or professionals like lawyers and financial analysts. In these cases, publishers anticipate few sales but real demand, so they raise prices, often to the hundreds of dollars. You have a brief piece, such as a novella. Traditional publishers rarely publish such works. Your readership already knows and follows you. If you have a built-in audience, most potential buyers will know of your book, and you can sell directly to them. Self-publishing is the norm in your field. Indie publishing predominates in some areas, like romance and erotica. In 2016, for instance, 55 percent of romances were self-published. Indie is also common in science fiction and fantasy. Readers in these genres are so familiar with this approach that the traditional route may be pointless. You need to publish quickly. Meg Xuemei X self-publishes paranormal romances like The Empress of Mysth, and she notes that romance authors may write a book every two months, or even every month. Readers await these works and consume them quickly. Print publishers are pachyderms in this world of hummingbirds. You want a traditional publisher if: You need an advance. If you’re writing nonfiction, traditional publishers may give you money upfront, based usually upon just a proposal with a book outline. You typically get a third of the advance at the outset, and it can make your book possible. You want a guaranteed fee. You get to keep the advance even if you don’t sell one copy. The publisher retains your percentage of sales until that running total exceeds the advance, and then you start getting royalties. You don’t want financial risk. You pay nothing for editing, cover, and book design, much less printing and distribution. In self-publishing, you run the risk of losing money. You want broad publicity, especially if you dislike marketing. Traditional publishers have the power to get radio and TV interviews for you, as well as book reviews in major papers. blogs, and periodicals. They certainly expect you to do marketing, but they take on key burdens themselves. With self-publishing, it’s different. â€Å"Marketing is a beast, but a necessary one,† says Alexes Razevich, author of such indie novels as Khe and Shadowline Drift. â€Å"Unless someone stumbles onto your book, loves it, and tells their millions of friends, the independent author is going to be doing it all on their own.† You want acceptance by a famous name. Traditional publishing can confer automatic prestige. If, say, Random House publishes your work, everyone knows you have passed through strict quality filters. If you self-publish, your book can be anything; you have to cultivate prestige yourself. You seek literary awards. For these, you almost have to issue the book with a traditional publisher. Traditional publishing is the norm. It remains de rigueur in areas such as literary, children’s, and academic books. Beyond these questions lies a realm of greater subjectivity. It falls into two categories: The Search and Control. The Search Your search can fall into two categories. If you want a traditional publisher, you usually have to get an agent, who then has to get a publisher. You’re selling your work, and you’re competing with lots of other sellers, at both stages. If you’re self-publishing, you may need to find people who can create covers, and illustrate book design, and perhaps do marketing. But they want to sell their work to you. You may want to self-publish if: You hate rejection. If you’re new, and sometimes if you aren’t, you can expect serial rejection from agents and publishers. J.K. Rowling is not the only best-selling author who has run this gauntlet. That’s one reason Harper Lee advised aspiring writers to grow a thick hide. But understand that rejection letters aren’t the same as verdicts. Send out a query, and it doesn’t go to an all-wise judge. It goes to a human being. Agents and editors live in a river of submissions and must make snap judgments. They know that you’ve put sweat and soul into the book and that they may be passing on a best seller. So â€Å"rejection† can mean many things: The person reviewing your work is already too busy†¦didn’t connect subjectively†¦had a bad day†¦or spotted a typo in the query letter. If you understand the context, you may feel less like Kafka’s K. waiting outside the castle. But hearing â€Å"Sorry, not for us† repeatedly may still be painful. If so, you may prefer self-publishing. Your book is a genre mashup. Indie publishing is the great experiment garden of books, and crossovers have flourished. â€Å"Where traditional publishers might have a problem assigning an imprint for a vampires in space meets steampunk told from the point of view of a teenage boy and his talking dog,† Razevich says, â€Å"independent publishers simply put it out there, and if the story was well told and the book professionally presented, readers will find it and buy it.† You want to be sure of publication. With self-publishing, you have a publisher who adores your book. So you can write with the confidence that others will see it. It won’t lie unread in the hard drive, perhaps to vanish in a crash. You may want a traditional publisher if: You don’t like DIY. Though it’s easy to find independent contractors, you do have to search for them. You may prefer simply to write. Control â€Å"The joy and whole point of being an independent publisher is doing it the way you want,â€Å" says Razevich. But there are also drawbacks to this power, and if that power matters less to you, you may prefer a traditional publisher. You may want to self-publish if: You want to fully own your book. You can determine everything: cover, book design, font, price, marketing copy, time to publication, release date. No editor will pressure you to change the title, say, or the plot. And since you dictate price, you can use deft marketing strategies (such as offering the book free for a day) to boost overall sales. A thriving infrastructure now supports self-publishers. For instance, a print-on-demand site like Amazon’s CreateSpace offers tools for you to create covers and design the book. You can let it handle every aspect of the process or just the parts you select. For instance, you might want to farm out the cover to a graphic designer you know. Regardless, you’re at the helm. In contrast, a traditional publisher may exert serious pressure over, for instance, the title. You are in a partnership with the company, and it has an interest in the sales. But the pressure can go too far. Best-selling author Daniel McNeill says the major houses he has dealt with have been very reasonable. But he knows of one small press that imposed petty rules like banning â€Å"since† to mean â€Å"because.† Why? â€Å"Since† might also be referring to back in time. You don’t mind the upfront costs. Self-publishers pay for all the stages of the book process themselves. â€Å"The costs of several rounds of editing—I do three rounds—can be daunting, but it’s worth every penny,† Razevich says. You fear the contract might be a minefield. A traditional publisher requires a contract, for obvious reasons. But unless you have a reliable track record, you have less bargaining power. It’s a harsh reality, but you want them more than they want you. So the contract terms typically slant against you. In addition, you probably lack experience with contracts themselves, as well as knowledge of which provisions are standard. One author, whose name we are withholding, signed a deal with the e-publishing arm of a respected house and wound up ceding all rights to his characters forever. He didn’t have an agent, and a good agent can usually prevent these problems by keeping the deal to common standards. But even with a savvy agent, contracts are relatively inflexible—and they favor the publisher. They can also hide surprises. McNeill says, â€Å"I’ve seen clauses that say, ‘The author will provide advice and counsel on the cover.’ Then they’ve sent me the cover and said, ‘We love it. What do you think? Our deadline is in two hours.’† To be fair, publishers don’t want endless input from authors they deem ignorant about selling books. And McNeill notes that he has offered cover advice that editors have followed gratefully. Your relationship with the publisher is a living thing. Yet with indie publishing, the cover is exactly what you want. You want to publish in installments. Traditional publishers issue books as, well, books. They don’t come out in portions, since readers haven’t wanted to go to the bookstore regularly to get installments. But the Internet makes it easy. Moreover, our world has gotten much faster: attention spans are shorter, and people are used to briefer pieces of information. You may also earn more—overall—by issuing a book in parts. You may want a traditional publisher if: You’re comfortable handing off the tasks. Publisher pressure may not bother you. You want the benefit of experience. If you’re just venturing into the world of publishing, you may make amateur errors. And the more you control, the more errors you may make. But traditional publishers are in the business full-time, and some have been for decades. With the traditional route, you can benefit from their wisdom. Traditional publishers not only take care of most publication needs, but they also have tested professionals on staff. For instance, they may know better than you which covers will sell. McNeill wrote a work called Fuzzy Logic, and Simon Schuster issued it with a cover that said â€Å"FUZZY LOGIC† in big red block letters. It wasn’t pretty, but you could see the title halfway across the bookstore, and McNeill noticed browsers coming over to check it out. It worked. On the other hand, mistakes are inevitable when learning any process. You learn by committing them. So you shouldn’t avoid self-publishing just because you may make mistakes. They’re just little halts on your journey. The biggest mistake is not to try for fear of mistakes.

How to Write a Research Essay on Hellenistic Philosophies

How to Write a Research Essay on Hellenistic Philosophies When writing a research paper, your job is to research the topic sufficiently so that you can back each claim you make with a fact or piece of data. In doing so, you must have clear claims in mind, and you must take significant time to read over books, scholarly journals, newspapers, and other academic publications relating to your topic. If you are tasked with writing a research paper on Hellenistic Philosophy, consider the following steps: 1) Start by Finding Your Topic To do this try and select a topic or idea that is interesting to you. The more interested you are in the topic, the more you will find the process enjoyable. If you are still having trouble you can always talk to your teacher and ask for some assistance with recommended topics. In any case, try to analyze a question that you want to answer or a problem you want to solve. This can help you to think of a topic more effectively. 2) Research by Reading over the Sources Before you start your writing, it is imperative that you locate the appropriate sources to back up your claims. In order to properly substantiate what you are writing, you should look for academic sources that have been peer reviewed such as journals, books, or other documents authored by reputable individuals relevant to the field you are studying. You should not just use any book. Check the author out and see what other credentials he or she has. Before you quote someone, make sure they are worth quoting. Before you use a website, look over the web address and the author. If there is no â€Å"last updated† date for the site, who knows how old the content might be. Try to avoid websites for anything other than personal background reading, and even then it is best to stick to â€Å".edu† or â€Å".org† sites as these are not commercially funded sites. In order to find the appropriate sources, both primary and secondary, look over your school library catalog, look inside bibliographies from sources you already have, and search through periodical indexes. If, for example, you are reading a book or journal in class and it relates to the topic you have selected, read over the bibliography as this might have other sources which you can use in your writing. 3) Take Notes After you have the appropriate sources, it is time to take notes. As you are reading the sources you have evaluated, it is up to you to take proper notes and with that, proper bibliographic information for data you want to cite later on. This is an important and time saving step, for when you are close to your deadline and try to cite your quote or statistic in the text it will save you hours of pouring over photocopies and printed pages for the right page number and author. 4) Write Start by writing an outline from your notes, after which you can produce a first draft and make the necessary changes until you have something presentable. This guide should help you to properly construct your research paper on Hellenistic Philosophy. Don’t forget to check our set of related 20 topics with 1 sample essay and 10 facts that will back you up with arguments.

3 Examples of Erroneous Case Style

3 Examples of Erroneous Case Style 3 Examples of Erroneous Case Style 3 Examples of Erroneous Case Style By Mark Nichol In each of the following examples, a phrase employs incorrect treatment as to whether one or more words begin with uppercase or lowercase letters. An explanation, followed by a revision, points out each error. 1. Three of the children developed Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition with anemia and kidney complications. Names of medical conditions are not capitalized: â€Å"Three of the children developed hemolytic uremic syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition with anemia and kidney complications.† (Exceptions include surnames, as in â€Å"Crohn’s disease,† or geographical terms, as in â€Å"Asian flu.†) 2. Smith didn’t endear himself to the Beehive state when he refused to participate in a debate scheduled for Monday. All key words in epithets such as state nicknames are capitalized: â€Å"Smith didn’t endear himself to the Beehive State when he refused to participate in a debate scheduled for Monday.† (The article the should be lowercased in such appellations; otherwise, the only state nickname that includes a lowercase word is that of New Mexico: â€Å"the Land of Enchantment.†) 3. Harvard University Accounting Professor John Smith was struck by the growing number of studies showing that most such transactions fail to deliver their intended value over the long term. Usually, when professor (or â€Å"associate professor† or â€Å"assistant professor†) immediately precedes a person’s name, it is treated as a specific job title and is capitalized; an exception, however, occurs when the title is preceded by modifying terms. Here, though â€Å"Harvard University† retains capitalization because of its status as an entity, accounting is also lowercased because the reference is to an academic discipline, not an academic department: â€Å"Harvard University accounting professor John Smith was struck by the growing number of studies showing that most such transactions fail to deliver their intended value over the long term.† (Many writers would also choose to unstack the unwieldy identifying phrase: â€Å"John Smith, a professor of accounting at Harvard University, was struck by the growing number of studies showing that most such transactions fail to deliver their intended value over the long term.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business LetterHow to Punctuate with â€Å"However†Artist vs. Artisan

The industrial revolution and economic opportunities for women in the Essay

The industrial revolution and economic opportunities for women in the 1830s - Essay Example Concerning what effects the revolution had on the lives of women, Lerner points out that professionalization â€Å"worked to the detriment of women† (152). She stated that when the need to train individuals in medicine arose, women were locked out of the recruitment process. This happened with total disregard to the fact that prior to that some aspects of medicine as if women dominated the one midwifery. It was the case with law, business, and retail trade where the role of women diminished. Lerner further asserts that â€Å"the only reason women continued to thrive† (153) in two particular fields, nursing and education was actual because these areas were considered womanly and were in essence low paying. Aside from professionalization, Lerner argues that industrialization sharpened the divide in the lifestyle of women of different classes. According to her, while the lower-class women essentially became ‘mill girls’ owing to their nature of work in factori es, the middle and upper classes of women transformed to become ‘ladies’. This is because they invested their newfound free time in pursuing leisure. What comes out clearly from Lerner’s arguments is that the opportunities that arose from the industrial â€Å"revolution marginalized women† (155) and those that did not, were long-hour jobs that did not present women with a better economic opportunity. On the other hand, the supporting essay by Cott states that in â€Å"the 1830 is a primarily female labor force† was recruited by new textile industries.